What does the attenuation coefficient represent?

The attenuation coefficient is a fundamental concept in imaging, particularly in computed tomography (CT). It quantifies how much radiation is absorbed or scattered when it passes through a given material. This coefficient is a critical parameter because it allows for differentiation between various tissues within the body based on their density and composition.

In CT imaging, different materials have different attenuation properties; for example, bone has a higher attenuation coefficient compared to soft tissue, which results in distinct contrasts in the final image. The varying degrees of attenuation help create the grayscale images seen in CT scans, where denser materials appear lighter and less dense materials appear darker.

Understanding the attenuation coefficient is essential for interpreting CT images accurately, as it directly impacts the contrast and visibility of features within the scanned area. This property is key to effectively diagnosing conditions and evaluating patient conditions using CT imaging.