What is an example of an Iso-osmolar Contrast Medium (IOCM)?

Iodixanol, marketed under the trade name Visipaque, is considered an iso-osmolar contrast medium (IOCM), which means it has an osmolality that is similar to that of human plasma. This characteristic helps to reduce the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy and other adverse reactions compared to hyperosmolar contrast agents. When injected, iodixanol maintains the osmotic balance, minimizing potential negative effects associated with osmosis during imaging procedures.

Iso-osmolar contrast media are particularly advantageous in patients who may be at higher risk of complications, such as those with pre-existing kidney issues or other comorbidities. By using an IOCM like iodixanol, radiologists aim to enhance patient safety without compromising the quality of imaging.

The other options listed are hyperosmolar or low-osmolar contrast agents, which do not share the beneficial iso-osmolar properties of iodixanol, making them less preferable in certain clinical situations where patient safety is a primary concern.