What mathematical technique is employed to create images from multiple projection profiles?

The correct choice is Filtered Back Projection. This technique is a fundamental method used in computed tomography to reconstruct images from raw data obtained through multiple projection angles.

When a CT scanner takes multiple x-ray measurements from different angles around a patient's body, these projections are combined to form detailed cross-sectional images. Filtered back projection works by mathematically filtering the raw projection data to reduce artifacts and then back projecting the data across the image matrix. This means that the values in the projection data are mathematically 'smeared' or spread out back over the image space, combining the information from those different perspectives to create a coherent image of the internal structures.

The filtering process helps enhance the image quality by reducing blurring and other undesired effects that may arise from simply back-projecting the raw data. This technique is still widely used in clinical practice due to its efficiency and relatively simple implementation compared to more advanced methods.

While other techniques like Iterative Reconstruction, Digital Subtraction, and Frequency Domain Analysis are important in specific contexts or provide benefits such as noise reduction or contrast enhancement, they don't specifically refer to the classical method of creating images directly from multiple projection profiles like Filtered Back Projection does.